DAWN

DAWN

Daily Arts Web Nucleus

Discover the Arts! Each day a different image from the Literary, Performing, or Visual Arts representing a portion of Scripture

plus an explanation with links

2017 July 4

The Siege of Cosel (1808)
Wilhelm von Kobell (1766-1853)
Baroque Style
Neue Pinakothek, Munich, Germany
Image Source: Web Gallery of Art

SPECIAL NOTE:

[ I will again be working through the Scriptures from Genesis to Revelation. I will be adding links, resources, images, and the like, upgrading the former work-through which began with the 2013-10-12 posting which can be found, along with the full Genesis to Revelation postings, in the Archive Page. Postings will be at midnight Eastern Time, as I am able. However, no chapters will be skipped, even though a posting may be late. And all postings will be housed in the Archive Page. ]

     Explanation: Deuteronomy 20 contains the rules of warfare. The First Rule is the Rule of Courage. When the Israelites are outnumbered in battle, they are to draw courage from the LORD who delivered them from Egypt. The priests are to encourage the warriors, reminding them that the LORD is the one who fights for them. The officers are then to dismiss anyone who has built a new house but not dedicated it, or planted a vineyard and not eaten of it, or is engaged to a woman, but not married to her. They are allowed to return and enjoy these things. Also, anyone who is fearful and fainthearted is to be dismissed, lest he make others fearful also. The officers are then to appoint captains to lead the people (1-9).
     The Second Rule is the Rule of Annihilation. Some of their enemies are to be spared; some are to be annihilated. If a city is far away, outside the Promised Land, it can be spared and its inhabitants made tributaries if they accept an offer of peace. However, if that city makes war against Israel, then all the males are to be killed and the women and children taken as captives along with the domestic animals and the other spoil. But, as for all the inhabitants of the Promised Land, everything that breathes is to be killed; and everything is to be utterly destroyed, lest they teach Israel to do after all their idolatrous abominations (10-18).
     The Third Rule is the Rule of the Siege. Fruit trees, because they are essential for food, must not be cut down to be used to make siege weapons. But any non-fruit tree may be used for that purpose (19-20).
     [ Sermons: Douglas F Kelly. Various. ]
     [ Illustration: Today's painting depicts a group of soldiers prepared for war. Deuteronomy 20 gives certain significant rules for warfare. ]

RESOURCES

PLEASE NOTE: Use the resources on this and other sites thoughtfully, particularly the commentaries and encyclopedias. I have attempted to list conservative, scholarly resources. However, some providers use liberal or liberal-influenced commentaries such as the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (in Bible Hub). Such commentaries are undoubtedly included by the provider for the wealth of useful information and comments which they provide. By consulting several commentaries, it should be fairly easy to sort out the wheat from the chaff. If, however, you would like personal assistance, write to me at AD LIB ARTS EMAIL.

          [ THEMATICALLY AND CHRONOLOGICALLY RELATED SCRIPTURES: Deuteronomy 20: [3] Deuteronomy 7:4; 2 Samuel 4:4; 2 Kings 7:15. [4] 1 Samuel 17:45; Psalm 20:7. [5] Deuteronomy 16:18; Deuteronomy 1:15; Judges 7:3. [9] 1 Samuel 17:18. [10] Judges 18:27-28; Joshua 11:13. [16-18] Leviticus 18:24-28; Leviticus 20:23. -- From Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers ]

          [ CHRONOLOGY: GENERAL. Patriarchs (Traditional). Judges # 1. Judges # 2. Kings # 1. Kings # 2. Prophets # 1. Prophets # 2. NT # 1. NT # 2. NT # 3. ]

          [ MAPS: Maps # 1. Maps # 2. Maps # 3. Maps # 4. Maps # 5. ]

          [ COMMENTARIES, ETC: GENERAL: Bible Study Tools; Bible Hub: Study Light; Blue Letter Bible // PSALMS: Monergism: Precept Austin: The Treasury of David; John Gill; John Calvin - Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

          [ MUSIC: GENERAL: The Cyber Hymnal // PSALMS: Genevan Psalter (Instrumental). VARIOUS ARTISTS: Micha'el Ben David. Sons of Korah. Fernando Ortega. Janet Isaac Morrison. Music of the Bible Revealed - Suzanne Haik-Vantoura. Dr. David Erb. Gregorian Chants. ]

HARMONY OF THE LAW

John Calvin - CCEL | Analytical Chart - BLB

GOSPEL HARMONIES

Gospel Harmony - Summary | The Harmony of the Gospels - Augustine | Gospel Harmony Chart - Online Bible

Greek Harmony of the Gospels - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF) | Gospel Harmony in English - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF)

HEBREW AND GREEK INTERLINEAR BIBLES

Bible Hub Interlinear Hebrew and Greek Bible

Bible Hub Hebrew Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Hebrew Interlinear

Mounce Interlinear | Bible Hub Greek Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Greek Interlinear Bible

Pentateuch Detailed Outline:

Genesis Detailed Outline:

Exodus Detailed Outline:

Leviticus Detailed Outline

Old Testament Offerings Chart

Numbers Detailed Outline

Deuteronomy Detailed Outline

Deuteronomy 20

{Pentateuch Outline: 14. Generations of Aaron & Moses (Nu 3:1 - Dt 34:12) 1445 - 1406 B.C. Sinai}

DEUTERONOMY (COVENANT INSTRUCTION CONTINUES: COVENANT RENEWED WITH 5TH GENERATION)

Moses Renews the Covenant: (Moses' Last Days) (Dt 1:1 - Dt 34:12) 1406 B.C. Transjordan

(Note 1: "Transjordan" = the East Side of Jordan)

(Note 2: Deuteronomy bears a striking resemblance to treaties found in Hittite, Syrian, and Mesopotamian cultures. These date from the 17^th to the 13^th centuries B.C. and are generally unilateral treaties given by a great king to a vassal state. With some variations, they have a basic 6 part structure: Preamble, Prologue, Stipulations, Preservation and Proclamation of the Covenant, Witnesses, and Sanctions. Deuteronomy has additional material, and the order varies. Treaty headings are in bold, below.)

(Note 3: The first 4 books of the Pentateuch could be considered its Historical Prologue. Material from those books is referred to by quotation or allusion frequently in Deuteronomy. These 4 are a sweeping, extended Prologue; and the shorter Prologue in Deuteronomy concentrates on Israel's more immediate history, especially their victories; and it draws out the implications of these, especially assurance. The Preamble, if any, in these 1st 4 books is in Ge 1:1, since it clearly implies that God, as creator of everything, has the right to establish and maintain the relationships of blessing and judgment found throughout the Pentateuch, and indeed in the whole of Scripture. The reason, purpose, and meaning of the Pentateuch are, therefore, implicit in the words "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.")

1. Moses' Farewell Address: (Dt 1:1 - Dt 33:29) 1406 B.C. Transjordan

a. Address: Part 1 - History - Covenant Preamble & Prologue (Dt 1:1 - Dt 4:49) 1406 B.C. Transjordan

(Note: 1:1-5 may be a later explanatory addition - cf., v. 5)

b. Address: Part 2 - Law - Covenant Provisions (Dt 4:44 - Dt 30:20) 1406 B.C. Transjordan

1. Stipulations (Laws) (Dt 4:44 - Dt 27:8 ) - 1406 B.C. Transjordan
(Note: Moses begins this section by exhorting Israel to "hear," "learn," and "obey." These and similar exhortations are repeated throughout Deuteronomy, but are especially prominent in chapters 5-27. Examples include Dt 1:18; 4:1-2,5-6,9-10,14-15; 5:1,28-33; 6:1-9,16-18; 7:11; 8:1,11; 10:12-13; 11:8,22-23,32; 12:1,28,32; 13:4,18; 18:15-20; 19:9; 26:16; 27:1,10; 28:1,14-15; 29:1,12,29; 30:1-3,6,15-16,19-20; 31:12-13; 33:4,10. The people respond positively, saying "we will" hear and do - 5:27; it "shall be" our righteousness to do all - 6:25; and they "avouched" or "vowed" to keep YHWH's ways - 26:17. In response, YHWH ratified the covenant by accepting them as his people - 26:18-19.)

a. The Ten Commandments (covenant of their God, at Horeb - 5:2) (Dt 4:44 - Dt 13:18 ) - 1406 B.C. Transjordan
(Note: This section and the next, "The Civil Laws," emphasize the mutual "ownership" between YHWH and Israel. Here YHWH is called Israel's God - "Your God," - a phrase used repeatedly throughout the section to indicate that YHWH "belongs" to them in a special sense. In the next section the emphasis shifts, and Israel is repeatedly called not just the "people" of YHWH, but the "children of YHWH," emphasizing that Israel belongs to YHWH in a special sense. Both of these designations are used throughout the respective sections to motivate Israel to obedience.)

b. The Civil Laws (for the children of YHWH) (Dt 14:1 - Dt 27:8) - 1406 B.C. Transjordan

¹ When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the LORD thy God is with thee, which bought thee up out of the land of Egypt. ² And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people, ³ And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts faint, fear not, and do not tremble, neither be ye terrified because of them [from their faces]; ⁴ For the LORD your God is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you. ⁵ And the officers shall speak unto the people, saying, What man is there that hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it. ⁶ And what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? let him also go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man eat of it. ⁷ And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her. ⁸ And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren's heart faint as well as his heart. ⁹ And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people, that they shall make captains of the armies to lead the people.
¹⁰ When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it. ¹¹ And it shall be, if it make thee answer of peace, and open unto thee, then it shall be, that all the people that is found therein shall be tributaries unto thee, and they shall serve thee. ¹² And if it will make no peace with thee, but will make war against thee, then thou shalt besiege it: ¹³ And when the LORD thy God hath delivered it into thine hands, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword: ¹⁴ But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the LORD thy God hath given thee. ¹⁵ Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off [exceedingly remote] from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations. ¹⁶ But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth: ¹⁷ But thou shalt utterly destroy [destroying you shall destroy] them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee: ¹⁸ That they teach you not to do after all their abominations, which they have done unto their gods; so should ye sin against the LORD your God.

¹⁹ When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man's life) to employ [to go from your faces] them in the siege: ²⁰ Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that maketh war with thee, until it be subdued.

Home | DAWN Archive

Tomorrow's Picture: TBA

ADDITIONAL AD LIB MATERIAL: Prose, Poetry, Writers, Visual Artists, Music, DAWN, and ILLUMINATION. ILLUMINATION features a compact, Illuminated Bible. DAWN, the page you are presently visiting, features a new image and explanation daily.

Please Email Comments and Questions To

AD LIB ARTS EMAIL
copyright 2017, Scott Souza