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Daily Arts Web Nucleus

Discover the Arts! Each day a different image from the Literary, Performing, or Visual Arts representing a portion of Scripture

plus an explanation with links

2017 July 5

Chalk Cliffs on Rugen (c. 1818)
Caspar David Friedrich (1774-1840)
German Romanticism Style
Oskar Reinhart Collection, Winterthur, Switzerland
Image Source: Wikipedia

SPECIAL NOTE:

[ I will again be working through the Scriptures from Genesis to Revelation. I will be adding links, resources, images, and the like, upgrading the former work-through which began with the 2013-10-12 posting which can be found, along with the full Genesis to Revelation postings, in the Archive Page. Postings will be at midnight Eastern Time, as I am able. However, no chapters will be skipped, even though a posting may be late. And all postings will be housed in the Archive Page. ]

     Explanation: Deuteronomy 21 contains laws for various situations regarding community and family life.
     Situation 1: An Unsolved Murder. If a slain person is found in a field, elders and judges will come to the site and measure to the nearest city. The elders of the nearest city will sacrifice a heifer to put away the guilt of innocent blood from the city. This is to be done in an uncultivated place to keep crops from being defiled. It is also to be done in a "rough valley" (symbolized by the painting above) or near a "rapid stream," as some translate it. It is to be done either by cutting off the neck of the heifer or by breaking it, depending on how the words are translated. In the presence of the priests, the elders of the city will wash their hands over the heifer declaring their innocence and their lack of knowledge about who did this crime (1-9).
     Situation 2: A Captive Wife. When a man desires to marry a woman taken captive in war he must first give her a month to mourn her dead. After this he can marry her. But, later, if he does not delight in her, he must let her go wherever she wishes; but she cannot be sold for money (10-14).
     Situation 3: A Hated Wife. When a man is married to two women -- one beloved and one hated, and his firstborn son is the son of the hated wife, he must give the customary double portion of his inheritance to the son of the hated woman (15-17).
     Situation 4: A Rebellious Son. A son who will not obey his parents, even after chastening, is to be executed by the men of the city (18-21).
     Situation 5: An Accursed Man. A man who is executed by hanging on a tree is accursed by God. His body shall be taken down before nightfall and buried the same day lest the land be defiled (22-23).
     [ Sermons: Albert Mohler. Various. ]
     [ Illustration: Today's painting symbolized the "rough valley" mentioned in verse 4 of today's chapter. ]

RESOURCES

PLEASE NOTE: Use the resources on this and other sites thoughtfully, particularly the commentaries and encyclopedias. I have attempted to list conservative, scholarly resources. However, some providers use liberal or liberal-influenced commentaries such as the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (in Bible Hub). Such commentaries are undoubtedly included by the provider for the wealth of useful information and comments which they provide. By consulting several commentaries, it should be fairly easy to sort out the wheat from the chaff. If, however, you would like personal assistance, write to me at AD LIB ARTS EMAIL.

          [ THEMATICALLY AND CHRONOLOGICALLY RELATED SCRIPTURES: Deuteronomy 21: [8] Leviticus 4:20; Leviticus 4:26; Leviticus 4:31; Leviticus 4:35. [10-11] Deuteronomy 20:1-6; Numbers 31:15-18. [12] 2 Samuel 19:24. [13] 2 Kings 9:30. [14] Leviticus 25:44-46. [17] Genesis 48:22; 1 Chronicles 5:1; 2 Kings 2:9. [20] Numbers 20:10; Matthew 5:22; Proverbs 23:20-22. [22] Joshua 10:26-27. [23] 2 Samuel 22:9-10; 2 Samuel 22:14; Galatians 3:13. -- From Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers ]

          [ CHRONOLOGY: GENERAL. Patriarchs (Traditional). Judges # 1. Judges # 2. Kings # 1. Kings # 2. Prophets # 1. Prophets # 2. NT # 1. NT # 2. NT # 3. ]

          [ MAPS: Maps # 1. Maps # 2. Maps # 3. Maps # 4. Maps # 5. ]

          [ COMMENTARIES, ETC: GENERAL: Bible Study Tools; Bible Hub: Study Light; Blue Letter Bible // PSALMS: Monergism: Precept Austin: The Treasury of David; John Gill; John Calvin - Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

          [ MUSIC: GENERAL: The Cyber Hymnal // PSALMS: Genevan Psalter (Instrumental). VARIOUS ARTISTS: Micha'el Ben David. Sons of Korah. Fernando Ortega. Janet Isaac Morrison. Music of the Bible Revealed - Suzanne Haik-Vantoura. Dr. David Erb. Gregorian Chants. ]

HARMONY OF THE LAW

John Calvin - CCEL | Analytical Chart - BLB

GOSPEL HARMONIES

Gospel Harmony - Summary | The Harmony of the Gospels - Augustine | Gospel Harmony Chart - Online Bible

Greek Harmony of the Gospels - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF) | Gospel Harmony in English - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF)

HEBREW AND GREEK INTERLINEAR BIBLES

Bible Hub Interlinear Hebrew and Greek Bible

Bible Hub Hebrew Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Hebrew Interlinear

Mounce Interlinear | Bible Hub Greek Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Greek Interlinear Bible

Pentateuch Detailed Outline:

Genesis Detailed Outline:

Exodus Detailed Outline:

Leviticus Detailed Outline

Old Testament Offerings Chart

Numbers Detailed Outline

Deuteronomy Detailed Outline

Deuteronomy 21

{Pentateuch Outline: 14. Generations of Aaron & Moses (Nu 3:1 - Dt 34:12) 1445 - 1406 B.C. Sinai}

DEUTERONOMY (COVENANT INSTRUCTION CONTINUES: COVENANT RENEWED WITH 5TH GENERATION)

Moses Renews the Covenant: (Moses' Last Days) (Dt 1:1 - Dt 34:12) 1406 B.C. Transjordan

(Note 1: "Transjordan" = the East Side of Jordan)

(Note 2: Deuteronomy bears a striking resemblance to treaties found in Hittite, Syrian, and Mesopotamian cultures. These date from the 17^th to the 13^th centuries B.C. and are generally unilateral treaties given by a great king to a vassal state. With some variations, they have a basic 6 part structure: Preamble, Prologue, Stipulations, Preservation and Proclamation of the Covenant, Witnesses, and Sanctions. Deuteronomy has additional material, and the order varies. Treaty headings are in bold, below.)

(Note 3: The first 4 books of the Pentateuch could be considered its Historical Prologue. Material from those books is referred to by quotation or allusion frequently in Deuteronomy. These 4 are a sweeping, extended Prologue; and the shorter Prologue in Deuteronomy concentrates on Israel's more immediate history, especially their victories; and it draws out the implications of these, especially assurance. The Preamble, if any, in these 1st 4 books is in Ge 1:1, since it clearly implies that God, as creator of everything, has the right to establish and maintain the relationships of blessing and judgment found throughout the Pentateuch, and indeed in the whole of Scripture. The reason, purpose, and meaning of the Pentateuch are, therefore, implicit in the words "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.")

1. Moses' Farewell Address: (Dt 1:1 - Dt 33:29) 1406 B.C. Transjordan

a. Address: Part 1 - History - Covenant Preamble & Prologue (Dt 1:1 - Dt 4:49) 1406 B.C. Transjordan

(Note: 1:1-5 may be a later explanatory addition - cf., v. 5)

b. Address: Part 2 - Law - Covenant Provisions (Dt 4:44 - Dt 30:20) 1406 B.C. Transjordan

1. Stipulations (Laws) (Dt 4:44 - Dt 27:8 ) - 1406 B.C. Transjordan
(Note: Moses begins this section by exhorting Israel to "hear," "learn," and "obey." These and similar exhortations are repeated throughout Deuteronomy, but are especially prominent in chapters 5-27. Examples include Dt 1:18; 4:1-2,5-6,9-10,14-15; 5:1,28-33; 6:1-9,16-18; 7:11; 8:1,11; 10:12-13; 11:8,22-23,32; 12:1,28,32; 13:4,18; 18:15-20; 19:9; 26:16; 27:1,10; 28:1,14-15; 29:1,12,29; 30:1-3,6,15-16,19-20; 31:12-13; 33:4,10. The people respond positively, saying "we will" hear and do - 5:27; it "shall be" our righteousness to do all - 6:25; and they "avouched" or "vowed" to keep YHWH's ways - 26:17. In response, YHWH ratified the covenant by accepting them as his people - 26:18-19.)

a. The Ten Commandments (covenant of their God, at Horeb - 5:2) (Dt 4:44 - Dt 13:18 ) - 1406 B.C. Transjordan
(Note: This section and the next, "The Civil Laws," emphasize the mutual "ownership" between YHWH and Israel. Here YHWH is called Israel's God - "Your God," - a phrase used repeatedly throughout the section to indicate that YHWH "belongs" to them in a special sense. In the next section the emphasis shifts, and Israel is repeatedly called not just the "people" of YHWH, but the "children of YHWH," emphasizing that Israel belongs to YHWH in a special sense. Both of these designations are used throughout the respective sections to motivate Israel to obedience.)

b. The Civil Laws (for the children of YHWH) (Dt 14:1 - Dt 27:8) - 1406 B.C. Transjordan

     ¹ If one be found slain in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee to possess it, lying in the field, and it be not known who hath slain him: ² Then thy elders and thy judges shall come forth, and they shall measure unto the cities which are round about him that is slain: ³ And it shall be, that the city which is next unto the slain man, even the elders of that city shall take an [heifer of a herd], which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke; ⁴ And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a rough valley, which is neither eared nor sown, and shall strike off the heifer's neck there in the valley: ⁵ And the priests the sons of Levi shall come near; for them the LORD thy God hath chosen to minister unto him, and to bless in the name of the LORD; and by their word shall every controversy and every stroke be tried: ⁶ And all the elders of that city, that are next unto the slain man, shall wash their hands over the heifer that is beheaded in the valley: ⁷ And they shall answer and say, Our hands have not shed this blood, neither have our eyes seen it. ⁸ merciful, O LORD, unto thy people Israel, whom thou hast redeemed, and lay not innocent blood unto thy people of Israel's charge. And the blood shall be forgiven them. ⁹ So shalt thou put away the guilt of innocent blood from among you, when thou shalt do that which is right in the sight of the LORD.
     ¹⁰ When thou goest forth to war against thine enemies, and the LORD thy God hath delivered them into thine hands, and thou hast taken them captive, ¹¹ And seest among the captives a beautiful woman, and hast a desire unto her, that thou wouldest have her to thy wife; ¹² Then thou shalt bring her home to thine house; and she shall shave her head, and pare her nails; ¹³ And she shall put the raiment of her captiviy from off her, and shall remain in thine house, and bewail her father and her mother a full month: and after that thou shalt go in unto her, and be her husband, and she shall be thy wife. ¹⁴ And it shall be, if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her go whither she will [to her soul]; but thou shalt not sell her at all [to sell you shall sell] for money, thou shalt not make merchandise of her, because thou hast humbled her.
     ¹⁵ If a man have two wives, one beloved, and another hated, and they have born him children, both the beloved and the hated; and if the firstborn son be hers that was hated: ¹⁶ Then it shall be, when he maketh his sons to inherit that which he hath, that he may not make the son of the beloved firstborn before [upon the face of] the son of the hated, which is indeed the firstborn: ¹⁷ But he shall acknowledge the son of the hated for the firstborn, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath: for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn is his.
     ¹⁸ If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, which will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and that, when they have chastened him, will not hearken unto them: ¹⁹ Then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place; ²⁰ And they shall say unto the elders of his city, This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton, and a drunkard. ²¹ And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die: so shalt thou put evil away [consume evil] from among you; and all Israel shall hear, and fear.

²² And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree: ²³ His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury [to bury you shall bury him] that day; (for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.

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