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Discover the Arts! Each day a different image from the Literary, Performing, or Visual Arts representing a portion of Scripture

plus an explanation with links

2018 February 17

Josiah - Jechoniah - Shealtiel (1511-1512)
Michelangelo (1475-1564)
High Renaissance Style
Cappella Sistina, Vatican, Vatican City, Rome
Image Source: Web Gallery of Art

[ Illustration: In the painting above, Josiah, the subject of today's chapter, is the man on the right. ]

SPECIAL NOTE:

[ I will again be working through the Scriptures from Genesis to Revelation. I will be adding links, resources, images, and the like, upgrading the former work-through which began with the 2013-10-12 posting which can be found, along with the full Genesis to Revelation postings, in the Archive Page. Postings will be at midnight Eastern Time, as I am able. However, no chapters will be skipped, even though a posting may be late. And all postings will be housed in the Archive Page. ]

Explanation: 2 Chronicles 34 is the first of two chapters which give the history of Josiah.

[Traditional Patriarchal Timeline. Judges. Judges Period Chronology. Kings of Judah and Israel #1. Kings of Judah and Israel #2].

     Josiah (640-608 B.C.), succeeded his father Amon (642-640 B.C.) on the throne of Judah. He was eight years old when he began to reign. And he reigned for 31 years. He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, like David his forefather. In the eighth year of his reign he began to seek the LORD; and in the twelfth year he began to purge Jerusalem of idolatry. He burned the bones of the pagan priests on their altars. He made similar purges in the tribes of Manasseh, Ephraim, Simeon, and Naphtali (1-7).
     In the eighteenth year of his reign he began repairing the Temple. This was done faithfully and effectively by his workers (8-13).
     When they brought out the money that was given to the Temple, they found the Law of Moses; and they read it to Josiah (14-18).
     When Josiah heard the reading, he tore his clothes; and he commended the priests to inquire of the LORD, because great wrath was about to come from the LORD (19-21).
     They inquired to Huldah the prophetess. She said that judgment was coming; but judgment would be delayed until after the death of Josiah because of Josiah's humility and tenderness of heart toward the LORD (22-28).
     Then Josiah gathered the people of his realm; and all of them made a covenant with the LORD to obey his covenant. And Josiah cleansed the land of idolatry; and they kept the covenant during the lifetime of Josiah (29-33).
      Parallel accounts to this chapter are described and illustrated in the following DAWN pages: 2 Kings 22; 2 Kings 23. Josiah was contemporary with the following prophets: Zephaniah (640 B.C.); Jeremiah (627-560 B.C.); Habakkuk (609 B.C.).

     [ Sermons: Maurice Roberts. Various. ]

RESOURCES

PLEASE NOTE: Use the resources on this and other sites thoughtfully, particularly the commentaries and encyclopedias. I have attempted to list conservative, scholarly resources. However, some providers use liberal or liberal-influenced commentaries such as the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (in Bible Hub). Such commentaries are undoubtedly included by the provider for the wealth of useful information and comments which they provide. By consulting several commentaries, it should be fairly easy to sort out the wheat from the chaff. If, however, you would like personal assistance, write to me at AD LIB ARTS EMAIL.

          [ THEMATICALLY AND CHRONOLOGICALLY RELATED SCRIPTURES: 2 Chronicles 34: 2 Kings 21:24-26; 2 Kings 22; 2 Chronicles 33:25; 2 Kings 23:1-27; Jeremiah 1, Jeremiah 2, Jeremiah 3, Jeremiah 4, Jeremiah 5, Jeremiah 6; Zephaniah 1, Zephaniah 2, Zephaniah 3; Habakkuk 1, Habakkuk 2, Habakkuk 3 ].
     [1] 2 Kings 22:1.
     [2] Deuteronomy 5:32; Deuteronomy 17:20.
     [3] 2 Kings 23:4-20; 2 Chronicles 17:3-4; 1 Chronicles 13:3; 2 Kings 23:3-5; 2 Kings 23:8-9; 2 Kings 23:13; 2 Kings 6:7; 2 Kings 6:14.
     [4] 2 Kings 23:4-5; 2 Kings 23:16; 2 Chronicles 14:4; 2 Kings 23:14; 2 Kings 23:6.
     [5] 2 Kings 23:13-14; 2 Kings 23:16; 2 Kings 23:20; Amos 2:1.
     [6] 2 Kings 23:15; 2 Kings 23:19; 2 Chronicles 15:9; 2 Chronicles 31:1; Isaiah 9:21; Ezekiel 26:9; 2 Kings 23:20.
     [8] 2 Kings 22:3-7; 2 Chronicles 24:11-13; 2 Kings 22:3; 1 Chronicles 11:6.
     [9] 2 Kings 22:3-7.
     [10] 2 Chronicles 24:12; 2 Kings 22:5.
     [11] 2 Chronicles 24:7; 2 Chronicles 28:24.
     [12] 2 Kings 22:7; 1 Chronicles 23:4; 1 Chronicles 15:16; 1 Chronicles 25:7.
     [13] 1 Chronicles 23:4-5; 1 Chronicles 2:55.
     [14] 2 Kings 22:8-11; 2 Chronicles 33:8; 2 Kings 22:3.
     [16] 2 Kings 22:9; 2 Kings 12:11.
     [17] 2 Kings 22:9.
     [18] 2 Kings 22:10.
     [20] 2 Kings 22:12-20; Jeremiah 26:22; Jeremiah 36:12.
     [21] 2 Kings 22:13.
     [22] 2 Kings 22:14; 2 Chronicles 32:15.
     [24] Deuteronomy 27:15; Deuteronomy 28:16; Deuteronomy 29:20-21, 27; Deuteronomy 30:19; Joshua 8:34.
     [26] 2 Chronicles 16:14.
     [29] 2 Kings 23:1.
     [31] 2 Chronicles 23:13.
     [33] 2 Kings 23:4-20; Jeremiah 11:1-23; Jeremiah 13:27; Jeremiah 16:20; Jeremiah 17:1-2.
     -- From Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers ]

          [ CHRONOLOGY: GENERAL. Patriarchs (Traditional). Judges # 1. Judges # 2. Kings # 1. Kings # 2. Prophets # 1. Prophets # 2. NT # 1. NT # 2. NT # 3. ]

          [ MAPS: Maps # 1. Maps # 2. Maps # 3. Maps # 4. Maps # 5. ]

          [ COMMENTARIES, ETC: GENERAL: Bible Study Tools; Bible Hub: Study Light; Blue Letter Bible // PSALMS: Monergism: Precept Austin: The Treasury of David; John Gill; John Calvin - Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

          [ MUSIC: GENERAL: The Cyber Hymnal // PSALMS: Genevan Psalter (Instrumental). VARIOUS ARTISTS: Micha'el Ben David. Sons of Korah. Fernando Ortega. Janet Isaac Morrison. Music of the Bible Revealed - Suzanne Haik-Vantoura. Dr. David Erb. Gregorian Chants. ]

HARMONY OF THE LAW

John Calvin - CCEL | Analytical Chart - BLB

GOSPEL HARMONIES

Gospel Harmony - Summary | The Harmony of the Gospels - Augustine | Gospel Harmony Chart - Online Bible

Greek Harmony of the Gospels - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF) | Gospel Harmony in English - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF)

HEBREW AND GREEK INTERLINEAR BIBLES

Hebrew and Greek Interlinear Download - Scripture 4 All

Bible Hub Interlinear Hebrew and Greek Bible

Bible Hub Hebrew Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Hebrew Interlinear

Mounce Interlinear | Bible Hub Greek Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Greek Interlinear Bible

2 Chronicles Detailed Outline

2 Chronicles 34

Notes: In the Hebrew Bible 1 & 2 Chronicles are one Book. The author may have been Ezra.

2. The Kings: The Kings from the Tribes of Benjamin and Judah (1 Chronicles 10:1 - 2 Chronicles 36:14)

B. From the Tribe of Judah (1 Chronicles 11:1 - 2 Chronicles 36:14)

18. Josiah of Judah (2 Chronicles 34:1 - 36:1) - {640-609}

Map 1: Bible Nations | Map 2: Empire of David and Solomon Map 3: Kingdoms of Judah and Israel | Time Line

     ¹ Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem one and thirty years. ² And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD, and walked in the ways of David his father, and declined neither to the right hand, nor to the left. ³ For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images. ⁴ And they brake down the altars of Baalim in his presence; and the images, that were on high above them, he cut down; and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images, he brake in pieces, and made dust of them, and strowed it upon the graves of them that had sacrificed unto them. ⁵ And he burnt the bones of the priests upon their altars, and cleansed Judah and Jerusalem. ⁶ And so did he in the cities of Manasseh, and Ephraim, and Simeon, even unto Naphtali, with their mattocks round about. ⁷ And when he had broken down the altars and the groves, and had beaten the graven images into powder, and cut down all the idols throughout all the land of Israel, he returned to Jerusalem.
     ⁸ Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the LORD his God. ⁹ And when they came to Hilkiah the high priest, they delivered the money that was bought into the house of God, which the Levites that kept the doors had gathered of the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, and of all the remnant of Israel, and of all Judah and Benjamin; and they returned to Jerusalem. ¹⁰ And they put it in the hand of the workmen [doers of the work] that had the oversight of the house of the LORD, and they gave it to the workmen [doers of the work] that wrought in the house of the LORD, to repair and amend the house: ¹¹ Even to the artificers and builders gave they it, to buy hewn stone, and timber for couplings, and to floor the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed. ¹² And the men did the work faithfully: and the overseers of them were Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the sons of Merari; and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to set it forward; and other of the Levites, all that could skill of instruments of musick. ¹³ Also they were over the bearers of burdens, and were overseers of all that wrought the work in any in any manner of service [to service and service]: and of the Levites there were scribes, and officers, and porters.
     ¹⁴ And when they bought out the money that was bought into the house of the LORD, Hilkiah the priest found a book of the law of the LORD given by Moses. ¹⁵ And Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the LORD. And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan. ¹⁶ And Shaphan carried the book to the king, and bought the king word back again, saying, All that was committed to thy servants [in the hand of your servants], they do it. ¹⁷ And they have gathered together the money that was found in the house of the LORD, and have delivered it into the hand of the overseers, and to the hand of the workmen [doers of the work]. ¹⁸ Then Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying, Hilkiah the priest hath given me a book. And Shaphan read it before the king.
     ¹⁹ And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the law, that he rent his clothes. ²⁰ And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah a servant of the king's, saying, ²¹ Go, enquire of the LORD for me, and for them that are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found: for great is the wrath of the LORD that is poured out upon us, because our fathers have not kept the word of the LORD, to do after all that is written in this book.
     ²² And Hilkiah, and they that the king had appointed, went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvath, the son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe; (now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college:) and they spake to her to that effect. ²³ And she answered them, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Tell ye the man that sent you to me, ²⁴ Thus saith the LORD, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the curses that are written in the book which they have read before the king of Judah: ²⁵ Because they have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands; therefore my wrath shall be poured out upon this place, and shall not be quenched. ²⁶ And as for the king of Judah, who sent you to enquire of the LORD, so shall ye say unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel concerning the words which thou hast heard; ²⁷ Because thine heart was tender, and thou didst humble thyself before God, when thou heardest his words against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, and humbledst thyself before me, and didst rend thy clothes, and weep before me; I have even heard thee also, saith the LORD. ²⁸ Behold, I will gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy grave in peace, neither shall thine eyes see all the evil that I will bring upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of the same. So they bought the king word again.

²⁹ Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem. ³⁰ And the king went up into the house of the LORD, and all the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests, and the Levites, and all the people, great and small: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant that was found in the house of the LORD. ³¹ And the king stood in his place, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep his commandments, and his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant which are written in this book. ³² And he caused all that were present in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand to it. And the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of God, the God of their fathers. ³³ And Josiah took away all the abominations out of all the countries that pertained to the children of Israel, and made all that were present in Israel to serve, even to serve the LORD their God. And all his days they departed not from following the LORD, the God of their fathers.

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