Explanation: A Pharisee invited Jesus to dine with him but was surprised that Jesus did not wash his hands in accord with the customary ritual washing of holding the hands up while water was poured on them and dripped off the elbows. In response, Jesus criticized the Pharisees, scribes, and lawyers for their inward wickedness and misuse of God's law and of God's people. This provoked a great deal of hostility from these three groups toward the Lord.

^{Luke 11:37-54      37} And as he spoke, a certain Pharisee besought him to dine with him: and he went in, and sat down to meat. ³⁸ And when the Pharisee saw it, he marvelled that he had not first washed before dinner. ³⁹ And the Lord said unto him, Now do you Pharisees make clean the outside of the cup and the platter; but your inward part is full of ravening and wickedness. ⁴⁰ You fools, did not he that made that which is without make that which is within also? ⁴¹ But rather give alms of such things as you have; and, behold, all things are clean unto you. ⁴² But woe unto you, Pharisees! for you tithe mint and rue and all manner of herbs, and pass over judgment and the love of God: these ought you to have done, and not to leave the other undone. ⁴³ Woe unto you, Pharisees! for you love the uppermost seats in the synagogues, and greetings in the markets. ⁴⁴ Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for you are as graves which appear not, and the men that walk over them are not aware of them. ⁴⁵ Then answered one of the lawyers, and said unto him, Master, thus saying you reproach us also. ⁴⁶ And he said, Woe unto you also, you lawyers! for you lade men with burdens grievous to be borne, and you yourselves touch not the burdens with one of your fingers. ⁴⁷ Woe unto you! for you build the sepulchres of the prophets, and your fathers killed them. ⁴⁸ Truly you bear witness that you allow the deeds of your fathers: for they indeed killed them, and you build their sepulchres. ⁴⁹ Therefore also said the wisdom of God, I will send them prophets and apostles, and some of them they shall slay and persecute: ⁵⁰ That the blood of all the prophets, which was shed from the foundation of the world, may be required of this generation; ⁵¹ From the blood of Abel unto the blood of Zacharias, which perished between the altar and the temple: verily I say unto you, It shall be required of this generation. ⁵² Woe unto you, lawyers! for you have taken away the key of knowledge: you entered not in yourselves, and them that were entering in you hindered. ⁵³ And as he said these things unto them, the scribes and the Pharisees began to urge him vehemently, and to provoke him to speak of many things: ⁵⁴ Laying wait for him, and seeking to catch something out of his mouth, that they might accuse him.

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